Long term effect on the skeletal system.

If you train your bone and body over a long period of time, they will become stronger, bigger and more efficient, because over that long period of time your bone and body got used to that type of training you've been doing.

 Skeletal muscles adapt to using more oxygen, the muscles and their capillaries become more efficient and can therefore work for a longer period of time.

Increase of bone density (bone strength) due to the increase in calcium production.

Increased Joint range of movement, because exercises increase the production of synovial Fluid. Synovial fluid increase our joint range of movements in the short term, but over a long period of times our joints dry out and they become stiff and we lose the range of movement, so the exercise we do creates the synovial fluid that allows us to increase our joint range of movements.

Our ligaments gets stronger, because they get used to the exercise you have done over that long period of time. The more exercise you do the stronger your ligaments become. if you put more weight on them they become stronger and more resistant.

Long term effect on the cardiovascular system.

If you train your body by doing loads of aerobic endurance, eventually all of your cadiovascular system wil become efficient.

Your breathing rate decreases at a resting point, your breathing becomes more efficient. You'll start taking less oxygen when your exercising, because your heart got bigger and stronger and increase of stroke volume, that means it will be more efficient on pumping blood around your body. pumping more blood in one beat than it used to with two pumps. The beats become more efficient , because the high intensity of exercise you've been doing over that period of time causes the wall of the left Ventricle to become thicker allowing a lot more blood leave the heart, so it doesn't have to pump has much. lowering your resting heart rate by even two beats a minute means your heart beats 2,880 less in just one day.

Your blood vessels will be able to handle significant amount of pressure, because of the training you've put them through over a long period of time. The number of Capillaries increases due to the regular exercise you've been doing, so your body becomes more efficient on taking waste products out, such as like carbon dioxide.

Long term adaptation of the muscloskeletal system.

Training your muscle over a very long period of time can lead to muscle hypertrophy.

 Muscle hypertrophy is when your training the muscle, Also it is caused by the increases in volume of contractile proteins within the muscles. The fibres in your muscle tear and after they start to recover, when they recover. They become stronger and bigger, so you can adapt to the weights your lifting.

If lots of your muscle tear at one it can lead to muscle injury, so lifting alot of weight that is impossible for you to lift will just injure you.

 Hypertrophy will happen (increased muscle size), because of the intense muscle training. Your muscles will realise that they cant lift that weight, so they become bigger and stronger for them to lift the weight.

Increased number of mitochondria, because they need to increase for you to lift the weight. Mitochondria stores energy within the muscle cell, so this increases the supple of ATP. Myoglobin is a site for oxygen storage within the muscle. The bigger your muscles become the more there will be for Myoglobin to store oxygen.

There will be an Increase of Tendon strength. Tendons are tough band of fibrous connective tissues that hole the bone and the muscle together. The tendons are there to withstand a high level of force. Tendons are just like muscles, if you train them they become stronger.

structure of the respiratory system.

Nasal cavity- The nasal cavity is where the air enters and has hair and mucus to stop the diseases in the air.

Trachea- The Trachea is also known has the wind pipe and is positioned at the front of the throat.

Right lung- The right lung is slightly bigger than the left lung, because of where the heart is positioned.

Diaphragm-  The Diaphragm is a sheet of muscles that run under the lungs to create vacuum. It controls the lungs.

Epiglottis- The Epiglottis is like a door. It stops food from entering the respiratory system.

Larynx- The air passes through the sound box (Larynx).

Bronchus- Bronchus is made of two tube one entering one lung and the other entering the other lung. It transfer oxygen into the lungs.

Short term effects of Exercise on the respiratory system.

Our Heart rate increases, because our body needs blood and oxygen to combine glucose with it, to create energy and use that energy.

Amount of air inhaled and exhaled increases, because to provide more oxygen to our body, because you don't want your body lacking oxygen and keeping all the carbon dioxide inside during a high intensity exercise.

Your Tidal Volume increases due to the body, because it needs to get rid of carbon dioxide and breath in oxygen. Our muscles need oxygen and blood to create energy, so they can use it during the exercise.

Your heart rate increases due to the heart having to work harder to pump oxygenated blood around the body, so the blood vessels will be under high pressure, because of the blood that the heart is pumping. Over time the blood vessels become stronger so they can cope with this high pressure.

Your breathing rate increases, in order to supply more oxygen to your working muscles, also your lungs have to work at a fast rate for them to remove carbon dioxide and supply oxygen to the heart, and the heart puts blood into that oxygen (Oxygenated blood). This process has to happen really fast, so your muscles can keep up with the activity or they'll just slow down if your heart and lungs ain't working fast enough.

Long term adaptation on the respiratory system.

The respiratory system changes over time when your really working hard. Your lung capacity changes over time, because if you do more endurance work your lung needs to deliver loads of energy to your muscles, so over time it will take in loads of oxygen at once than taking it several times.

Your breathing rate will decrease , because your heart will become more efficient over time. It will pump loads of blood at once, than pumping less blood, but loads of times.

Your inter-coastal muscles will become stronger and it will allow your rip cage to expand when your breathing, so that you can take a big breath.

The diaphragm will get stronger and bigger, so that you can take bigger breath than usual.

Your capillaries gets bigger and that allows it to take significant amount of oxygen to your muscles.

There will be an Increase of efficiency to deliver oxygen and remove waste products, because your lungs will be use to working really fast.

Increased lung efficiency and gaseous exchange, because the of the intense aerobic endurance exercises.

Increased maximum oxygen uptake (V02 max). Increased Vital capacity (VC) - due to improved lung function (Vital capacity is the amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from the lungs after breathing in as deeply as possible).

Structure of the muscloskeletal system.

1. Your bicep and tricep are placed on the humerus( the long bone on your arm).

 2. Pectoral is on your chest you got two of them.

3. Rectus abdominal is beneath your pectoral, just covering your stomach.

4. Quadriceps are on your leg, the bone called femur.